????? ????? ????? ??????? Ergative Verbs

?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????.

?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???.

??? ???? ?? ??? ????? [????? ???????] ?????? ?????? ???? ????!

????? ??????? ??????? ?????

?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? (????? ?????) ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????. ?? ???? ??? ???? ????:

When I opened the door, there was Tom

???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???

Suddenly the door opened

?????? ?? ??? ??

???? ????: ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? | ????? ????? ???????

?? ???? ??? the door ????? ??? opened ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? the door ???? ??? opened ??? ? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????.

???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????.

I broke the window

????? ?? ????? (??? ?????)

The window broke

????? ???? (??? ????)

??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? broke ?? ??? ????? ? ????? ???; ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???.

#ctaText??#  ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? (Past Tenses)

???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????:

??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ????:

I cleaned the window

????? ?? ???? ????

The window cleaned

????? ???? ??

???? ?????: ????? ???? ??????? (linking verbs)

????????? ????? ????? ???????

???? ) ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????.

bake

????

boil

??????

cook

????

freeze

????? ????

melt

??? ???

roast

???? ????

???? ?? ????:

You should roast the meat at 200 degrees

???? ?? ???? ?? ???? 200 ???? ??? ???? (?????)

The meat was roasting in a hot oven

???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? (????)

Melt the chocolate and pour it over the ice cream

????? ?????

????? ?? ?? ???? ? ??? ????? ?????? (?????)

The chocolate was melting in a pan

????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? (????)

???? ?????: ????? ?? ?????? ??????? (double-object verbs)

????? ????? ???????

????? ????? ???????

???? 2) ????? ????? ?? ???? ? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????.

crash

?????? ????? ????? ????

drive

??????? ????

fly

????? ????

run

??????? ?????

start

???? ????

stop

???? ????

???? ????: ??? to be ?????

???? ?? ????:

Im learning to fly a plane

???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????.

The plane flew at twice the speed of sound

??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???.

He crashed his car into a tree

????? ????? ??

?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???.

His car crashed into a tree

?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???

#ctaText??#  ????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ???? ???????

???? 3 ) ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????:

catch: dress, coat, clothes, trousers

fire: gun, pistol, rifle, rocket

play: music, guitar, piano, CD, DVD

ring: bell, alarm

???? ?? ????

Theres a fire! Ring the alarm

??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???

The fire alarm rang at 11.42 a.m

??? ??? ??? ???? ???? 11:42 ?? ??? ?????

???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????  ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ????.

???? ????? ????? ???????

??? ????? ??????? ?????

My first dish in my live is delicious!

??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????.

???? ?????: ????? ?????? ??????? (Phrasal Verbs) | ???? ???? ????? ??????

He should have closed the street markets

?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????.

The street markets have closed

???????? ??????? ???? ??? ???.

The Director has changed his title but not his authority

???????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???.

Over the next few months their work pattern changed

?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???.

The driver stopped the car

?????? ????? ?? ????? ???

A big car stopped

????? ????? ??????

Ive boiled an egg

?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????

The porridge is boiling

???? ?? ????

Im cooking spaghetti

???? ??????? ?? ???

The rice is cooking

???? ???? ?????

I rang the bell

#ctaText??#  ??? shall/should ?? ???? ???????

??? ?? ???

The bell rang

??? ?? ??? ?????

A car was sounding its horn

?????? ??? ?? ??

A horn sounded

??? ?? ??? ?????

I boiled some wate

?????? ?? ???????

The water boiled

?? ?? ??? ???

The referee started the match

???? ?????? ?? ???? ???

The match started at 2.30

??? ?????? ???? 2:30 ????? ???? ??

The wind shook the trees

??? ?????? ?? ???? ???

The trees shook in the wind

????? ????
?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????
????? ????
????? ??????? (reflexive verbs) ?? ???? ???????