جمله واره قیدی در زبان انگلیسی (Adverbial Clause)
جمله واره قیدی شامل نهاد و فعل است و مثل قید عمل میکند یعنی فعل، صفت یا قید دیگری را توصیف میکند و اطلاعات بیشتری راجع به زمان، مکان ، روش و…را به جمله می افزاید. از انجایی که جمله واره وابسته است و نمیتواند به تنهایی بیاید ، پس حتما به جمله واره اصلی یا مستقل وصل میشود. این جمله واره با حرف ربط وابسته ساز شروع میشود و قبل یا بعد از جمله واره اصلی قرار میگیرد. وقتی قبل ااز جمله واره اصلی بیاید ف بین دو جمله واره کاما میگذاریم ولی اگر بعد از ان بیاید کاما استفاده نمیشود.
Examples:
He shook my hand before he died.
He ate the whole, big pizza although he said he was full..
The wife now sleeps in another room because the husband snores loudly.
My best friend, Bill and I once fought bravely against each other when we were classmates.
جمله واره قیدی در ابتدا یا انتهای جمله قرار دارد.
ابتدا:
Examples:
Unless you learn to keep quiet, I shall not go to the library with you.
While her father was asleep, his little daughter shot his face with a water pistol.
As soon as we heard the news, all of us cried.
انتها
( با استفاده از همان حرف ربط وابسته ساز)
Examples:
The eldest daughter doesn’t help with housework unless she is paid.
Mum alone is doing the cooking while the children wait to eat.
He snores when he falls asleep.
زمانی که جمله واره قیدی در ابتدای جمله می آید بعد ازان کاما میگذاریم.
Examples:
When we were classmates, Bill and I once fought bravely against each other.
Since we have caught no fish for dinner, we may decide to buy some at the market.
Whenever he visits his mother-in-law, he always brings along a magazine to read.
کاربرد های مختلف جمله واره قیدی:
جمله واره ی قیدی کاربرد های مختلفی دارد مثلا زمان ، مکان یا طریقه ی رخ دادن یک اتفاق را نشان میدهند
جمله واره های زمان در زبان انگلیسی
زمان اتفاق را نشان میدهند.
حروف ربط مربوط به زمان:
after, as, as long as, as soon as, before, since, so long as, until, when, whenever, while.
Examples:
He’s not honest as he claims to be.
Before he drew his last breath, he shook my hand.
When she heard the news, she wept tears of joy. .
جمله واره های مکان در زبان انگلیسی
مکان اتفاق را بیان میکنند.
حروف ربط مربوط به مکان:
anywhere, everywhere, where, wherever.
Examples:
Everywhere we went, the wind kept blowing sand into our faces.
That is the farm where I saw a lot of scorpions.
She brings along an umbrella wherever she goes.
جمله واره های مربوط به روش و طریقه در زبان انگلیسی
نشان میدهند که چطور اتفاقی رخ داده.
حروف ربط مربوطه:
as, as though, like.
Examples:
As I have told you a hundred times, don’t disturb that hornets.
She looked pale as though she had seen a few ghosts.
He treats his dog like his own brother.
جمله واره های مربوط به منظور در زبان انگلیسی
اتفاقات به چه منظوری رخ دادند.
حروف ربط مربوطه:
lest, in order that/to, so, so that, that.
Examples:
Let me remind you lest you forget that you still owe me ten dollars.
In order to make the soup taste good, she added too much salt..
Please be quiet so I can sleep..
جمله واره های مربوط به علت
میگویند چرا اتفاقی افتاده است.
حروف ربط مربوطه:
as, as long as, because, in order that, now that, since, so
Examples:
As we were both tired, we agreed to stop playing.
She got stung because she went too close to the wasp’s nest.
Since there are no dishes under ten dollars, let’s get out of here.
جمله واره های مربوط به شرایط
شرایطی که ممکن است پیش بیاید را بیان میکنند.
حروف ربط مربوطه:
even if, if, in case, in the event that, in case, only if, provided, providing, unless, whether or not.
Examples:
If he were not such a heavy smoker, he would be alive today.
I will dine with you, provided you pay the bill.
I’m going to take away your television unless you pay me back the money.
جمله واره های تضاد
تفاوت ها را نشان میدهد. “این چیز” با “ان چیز” فرق دارد.
حروف ربط مربوطه:
although, despite, even if, even though, however, in spite of, regardless of, though, whereas, while.
Examples:
Despite her parents’ objections, she insisted on driving fast.
The wife is fat and short, while the husband is skinny and tall.
Why good people die young, whereas bad ones live longer?
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