کاربردهای some and any در زبان انگلیسی
some and any : معرف های کمی اسم (Quantifier ) یا determiner هایی هستند که مقدار یا اطلاعات اسم بعد از خود را میگویند اما تعداد دقیق نه. هر دو انها با اسم های جمع می آیند. تا تعداد افراد و اشیا و مقدار اسم های غیر قابل شمارش را بیان کنند.
Any ( نه some ) میتواند با اسم های قابل شمارش مفرد بیاید. فعل بعد از انها باید با نهاد مطابقت داشته باشد. .
Some و any معرف های کمی اسمی هستند که که مقدار چیزی هرچند کم را مشخص میکنند.
Examples:
It’s up to you to believe some dinosaurs still exist in the Amazon jungle.
Know which path to take to get there as some paths go through the jungle.
Any dinosaurs found would be headline news in nearly all, if not all, newspapers.
You are late and any excuses are not acceptable.
some and any قبل از اسامی قابل شمارش جمع بکار میروند.
Examples:
It sounds like there are some things, not coins,inside the piggy bank.
I have some peanuts for the monkeys.
He may be an adult, but he certainly behaves like any other kids.
We couldn’t find any paintings of Popeye for our new house.
Any قبل از اسامی قابل شمارش مفرد می آید.
Examples:
You can take any bus along this road to the hospital.
Police said the suspect planned to bomb any building including the police headquarters.
I don’t care about the color; any one will do for me but not black.
some and any قبل از اسامی غیر قابل شمارش استفاده میشوند.
Examples:
She added some water to dilute the mixture.
We usually have some cold drink at lunchtime.
They think he will die in the hospital bed any day now.
You can have any soup you want – chicken or turkey soup.
فعل و اسمی که بعداز some and any می آید باید با هم مطابق باشند.
Examples:
Any girl who wants to take part in the competition must be strong.
(اسم مفرد قابل شمارش و فعل مفرد.)
Some guys are at the door asking you to come out.
(اسم جمع قابل شمارش و فعل جمع.)
Here is some news about an explosion in the bus.
Any information is welcomed by the police to investigate the crime.
news, information غیر قابل شمارش هستند. فعل مفرد دارند. )
some وany ممکن است معنی ” یک” بدهند.
Examples:
Some idiot put a box of empty cans on top of my car. (= one idiot)
What type of man does my sister like? She likes any man.
some و any به ما تعداد دقیق نمیدهند اما ممکن است بجای a , an بکار بروند.
Examples:
Here is a picture of a wild goose.
Here are some pictures of a wild goose.
There is an ostrich in the middle of the highway.
There are some ostriches in the middle of the highway.
We don’t see a star tonight.
We don’t see any stars tonight.
Is there a neighbour’s duck swimming on our pond?
Are there any neighbour’s ducks swimming on our pond?
معمولا any در سوالات بکار میرود اما بعضی مواقع بجای any ، some بکار میرود.
Examples:
Questions using any with plural countable noun:
Are there any coins in our piggy bank?
Do you have any names for your pet rabbits?
Questions using any with uncountable noun:
Do you have any money to lend me?
Is there any sugar in my coffee?
سوالاتی که از some برای اسم های جمع قابل شمارش و غیر قابل شمارش استفاده شده:
Do you want some vegetables to go with it?
Could you spray the plants with some pesticide, please?
Any در جملات منفی بکار میرود.
Examples:
با اسم های قابل شمارش :
No: We don’t have some biscuits for the dog.
Yes: We don’t have any biscuits for the dog.
The bird’s nest hasn’t got any eggs in it.
No, there aren’t any cockroaches in my kitchen.
با اسم های مفرد غیر قابل شمارش :
No, there isn’t any tea in the pot.
She doesn’t have any more salt for my so
Some of و any of با اسم های جمع :
Some of قبل از اسم جمع می آید تا تعداد افراد یا اشیاء یک گروه خاص را بگوید. کلماتی که معمولا بعد از some of قراار میگیرند the, these, those یا ضمایر و صفات ملکی هستند.
Examples:
Every day for years, he got up early to milk some of the goats.
Some of these pet monkeys have been trained to follow simple orders.
Some of those migrants are from rural areas.
Some of his socks are not washed for weeks.
You can choose any of the colours for the kitchen wall..
We can easily afford any of these used cars.
We can give to the church jumble sale any of those unwanted things.
He never returned any of the books he borrowed.
Some of , any of با اسم های غیر قابل شمارش
Some of میتواند قبل از عبارت اسمی مفرد بیاید تا به بخشی از چیزی اشاره کند. کلماتی که استفاده میشوند: the, this, that یا ضمایر و صفات ملکی هستند.
Examples:
Add some of the flour to the mixture.
You can drink some of this lime juice.
Some of that money is to build up some savings.
While there, we spent some of our time watching bats in a cave..
If any of the food is too spicy, just leave it for me.
I wonder if any of this information will be helpful to the police.
I came to ask about this and not to waste any of your time.
Some of , any of + ضمایر مفعولی
همیشه میشود بعد از some of ضمایر مفعولی ( us, you, them ) بیاوریم.
Some of and any of + object pronouns.
It’s always correct to use a plural object pronoun – us, you, and them – after some of.
Examples:
اشتباه: Some of we found it difficult to get along with him.
صحیح: Some of us found it difficult to get along with him.
اشتباه: We were told that some of they were rotten.
صحیح: We were told that some of them were rotten.
اشتباه: I don’t know any of they.
صحیح: I don’t know any of them.
اشتباه : Do you remember any of we?
صحیح: Do you remember any of us?
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